Fig. 1
AT BMP8b overexpression enhances browning and maximal thermogenic capacity. a NE-stimulated EE in 12-week-old WT and Bmp8b TG mice housed at 21 °C, expressed as EE over time (genotype effect p = 0.018; NE effect p = 0.00001) and fold increase over basal condition (B), n = 6. b, c Body weights (b) and body composition (c) from WT and TG female mice aged 8–25 weeks and fed a 45% HFD; n = 5–8. d mRNA levels of thermogenic genes, genes revealing or involved in adrenergic sensitivity and signaling and genes involved in fatty acid oxidation in ScW 4-week-old WT and Bmp8b TG mice fed chow diet and kept at 21 °C; n = 4–6. e Representative images of hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining of ScW from 5-week-old WT and Bmp8b TG female mice and kept at 21 °C. Scale bar, 100 µm. f Quantification of the percentage of total adipocyte population showing multilocularity in ScW from 5-week-old WT and Bmp8b TG female mice; n = 5. g NE-stimulated EE in 5-week-old WT and TG mice housed at 21 °C, expressed as EE over time (genotype effect p = 0.025; NE effect 9.7 E–11) and fold increase over basal condition, n = 11–14. h Noradrenaline measurement in adipose tissue and serum from 12-week-old bmp8b WT and TG animals; n = 5–7. i mRNA levels of thermogenic genes, genes revealing or involved in adrenergic sensitivity and signaling, genes involved in fatty acid oxidation in ScW from 4-week-old WT and Bmp8b TG female mice born and housed at 28 °C, n = 9. j NE-stimulated EE in 5-week-old WT and Bmp8b TG mice born and housed at 28 °C, expressed as EE over time (genotype effect p = 0.002; NE effect 12.1 E–11) and fold increase over basal condition, n = 9–10. Mean ± s.e.m. are presented. *P < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p<0.001, repeated measures ANOVA with Sidak’s post-hoc multiple comparisons test (a, c, j); *p < 0.05, compared to WT using t-test (f, h); *p < 0.05, compared to WT using multiple t-test with FDR determined using the two-stage linear step-up procedure of Benjamini, Krieger and Yekutieli (d, i)
