Fig. 4
Interpretation of the dominant ionic effects. Diagrams with a proposal of the processes taking place during the application of an electrical field in the lateral electrode configuration. a and d represent the initial state with a background of p-dopants (p0) and iodine vacancies present at the interface with the electrode. b, e When the electrical field is applied, vacancies migrate toward the negative electrode, in this transit, they partially compensate the charge of the background doping, including some non-radiative recombination defects (Ii). c, f Excess vacancies carry excess of electrons that can lead to generation of other PL quenching defects such as Pb(0)
