Fig. 1
From: A tumor-specific endogenous repetitive element is induced by herpesviruses
HCMV and HSV1, but not ADV, FLU, ZIKV, HCV, induce HSATII expression. HFFs were infected with HCMV (3 TCID50/cell), HSV (3 TCID50/cell), or Ad5 (10 FFU/cell), and RNA samples were collected at 48, 9, or 24 hpi, respectively. RNA was isolated and analyzed using RNA-seq. a HSATII expression in terms of counts per million reads (CPM) was computed and normalized across samples. n = 2. b HSATII chromosomal origin in infected cells or primary tumors was depicted based on the number of unique HSATII reads mapped to specific chromosomal loci. Data are presented as a percentage of total HSATII reads mean ± SD. n = 2. Open circles represent single data points. c HFFs were infected with HCMV (TB40/E-GFP) at 3 TCID50/cell and RNA samples were collected at the indicated times. HSATII-specific primers were used in RT-qPCR analysis. GAPDH was used as an internal control. Data are presented as a fold change mean ± SD. n = 3. d Fibroblasts were infected with HCMV (3 TCID50/cell), HSV1 (3 TCID50/cell), Ad5 (10 FFU/cell), FLU (3 TCID50/cell), or ZIKV (10 PFU/cell), and Huh7 cells were infected with HCV (1 TCID50/cell). RNA samples were collected at 9 hpi (HSV) or 24 hpi (all other viruses). HSATII-specific primers were used in RT-qPCR analysis. Viral infection was controlled by probing for a presence of viral transcripts: UL123 (HCMV), UL30 (HSV1), E2A (Ad5) or viral genomes: IAV and ZIKV. GAPDH was used as an internal control. Data are presented as a fold change mean ± SD. n = 3. Open circles represent single data points. e Mock- and HCMV (TB40/E-GFP)-infected HFFs at 3 TCID50/cell were collected at 24 hpi and HSATII RNA was visualized by ISH assay. Nuclei were counterstained with hematoxylin and HSATII is shown as red dots. Scale bar: 50 µm. f HSATII signal from ISH staining was quantified based on the ratio of HSATII signal area to cell area using BDZ 6.0 software and is presented in box plots (a central line shows median and bounds of box the 25th and 75th percentiles) with 10–90 percentile whiskers. Dots represent outliers. n = 3. ***P < 0.001 by the unpaired, two-tailed t-test
