Fig. 2 | Nature Communications

Fig. 2

From: Giant nonvolatile manipulation of magnetoresistance in magnetic tunnel junctions by electric fields via magnetoelectric coupling

Fig. 2

M-H loops of MTJ under electric fields with applied magnetic field along the [100] direction. a M-H loops of MTJ for E = ±0 kV cm−1, respectively. The arrows denote the magnetization configurations for corresponding magnetic fields. The inset presents electric-field-induced magnetization variation of the free layer around zero magnetic field. b Reversible and remarkable magnetization switching induced by successive application of electric-field pulses at H = 0 Oe for case II in Fig. 1d. c The magnetization configurations of MTJ at E = ±0 kV cm−1 in b. These two magnetization states can be reversibly switched by 8 kV cm−1 and –1.6 kV cm−1 electric-field pulses

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