Fig. 4
From: Spin current generation and relaxation in a quenched spin-orbit-coupled Bose-Einstein condensate
Thermalization and spin current. a The measured condensate fraction fc = Nc/N as a function of thold for SDM in the bare case (no SOC, ΩF = 0) and the dressed cases (with SOC, ΩF = 1.3 Er and ΩF = 2.1 Er). Representative error bars show the average percentage of the standard error of the mean. The solid curves are the shifted exponential fits to the smoothed fc (see Methods). The initial condensate fraction (not shown) at ΩI (measured at thold = −1 ms) is ~0.6–0.7 for all the cases. b The saturation time constant τtherm of the decreasing fc and the saturation condensate fraction fs versus ΩF, where the vertical error bar is the standard error of the fit. c Spin current Is (normalized by vr/λ = 7.4 × 103/s, where vr ~ 6 mm/s is the recoil velocity) as a function of thold for ΩF = 0 and 1.3 Er. The solid curves are fits (see text)
