Fig. 2

Electroreduction of N2 to NH3 at ambient conditions. a Linear sweep voltammograms of single-atom dispersed Fe–N–C (FeSA–N–C) and nitrogen-doped carbon (N–C) in Ar-saturated (dashed line) or N2-saturated (solid line) 0.1 M KOH solution with a scan rate of 50 mV s−1. b NH3 Faradaic efficiencies and mass-normalized yield rates at each given potential of FeSA–N–C. c NH3 Faradaic efficiencies and mass-normalized yield rates at each given potential of N–C. d Surface-area-normalized yield rate of NH3 production at different applied potentials on FeSA–N–C and N–C. e H2 selectivity of FeSA–N–C and N–C at different potentials. The error bars correspond to the standard deviations of measurements over three separately prepared samples under the same conditions. f Surface-area-normalized yield rate of H2 production at different applied potentials on FeSA–N–C and N–C