Table 3 Mixed-effects linear model on the time (days) used by the referees to complete the review

From: The effect of publishing peer review reports on referee behavior in five scholarly journals

Fixed effects

Estimate

Std. error

DF

t-value

p-value

(Intercept)

32.523

5.754

4.212

5.652

0.004

Open review

1.184

1.264

17,908.048

0.937

0.349

Status: Other

−1.141

0.906

17,785.534

−1.259

0.208

Status: Dr

−1.367

0.475

17,885.086

−2.880

0.004

Gender: Male

−1.770

0.846

17,703.590

−2.091

0.037

Gender: Uncertain

−2.126

0.923

17,689.373

−2.302

0.021

Year

−1.152

0.135

8588.867

−8.513

<0.001

Open review × Status: Other

1.139

1.276

17,957.877

0.893

0.372

Open review × Status: Dr

1.461

0.685

18,028.466

2.132

0.033

Open review × Gender: Male

−0.481

1.104

17,807.117

−0.436

0.663

Open review × Gender: Uncertain

−0.310

1.219

17,804.771

−0.254

0.799

Std. Dev. of random effects:

Submission (intercept)

8.241

    

Journal (intercept)

12.690

    

Residual

18.984

    

No. of observations

18,100.0

    

Log likelihood

−80,388.5

    

AIC

160,777.0

    
  1. The reference class for the referees’ status is “Professor”, while for gender is “Female”. Only observations including completed reviews were considered. Degrees of freedom were computed using Satterthwaite’s approximation