Fig. 2

Immunogenic properties of different Giardia VSPs. a Activation of a panel of human TLR reporter cells (hTLR) by ΔVSP1267 (20 μg ml⁻¹). Reporter cells were incubated with the recombinant protein and the secretion of SEAP was recorded. Specific TLR agonists were employed as positive controls (hTLR-2: Pam2CysK4, hTLR-3: PolyI:C, hTLR-4: LPSK12, hTLR-5: flagellin, hTLR-7: R848, hTLR-8: R848, hTLR-9: ODN2006). The parental cell line was used as negative control (TLR-). b Activation of mouse TLR-4 and TLR-2 reporter cell lines (mTLR) by ΔVSP1267, ΔVSPH7, ΔVSP9B10, and recombinant HA (H5N1). *p < 0.05 ΔVSPH7 and ΔVSP9B10 for TLR-4, **p < 0.01 ΔVSP1267 for TLR-4 and TLR-2; Linear regression test, n = 6 from three independent experiments. c In vitro stimulation of BMDCs. C57BL/6 WT and TLR-4 KO BMDCs were incubated in vitro with PBS, LPS (500 ng ml⁻¹) or ΔVSP1267 (50 μg ml⁻¹), and CD40 and CD86 levels were measured by flow cytometry (MFI: mean fluorescence intensity). *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001; two-way ANOVA, Bonferroni post-tests, n = 6 from three independent experiments. Values represent mean ± s.e.m. Source data are provided as a Source Data file