Fig. 4

Photothermal conversion performance of Zr-PDI^•−. a Illustration of the colored PDI^•− formation and photothermal conversion of Zr-PDI^•−. b Photothermal conversion curves of Zr-PDI^•− film on quartz glass under laser irradiation (808 nm, 0.7 W cm⁻²). c Temperature rises of Zr-PDI^•− at different NIR laser intensities. Inset shows average temperature rise (ΔT) as a function of NIR laser power. d Photothermal cycling curve of Zr-PDI^•− film (808 nm, 0.7 W cm⁻²). e IR camera images of Zr-PDI-patterned letters BUCT (808 nm, 0.7 W cm⁻²)