Table 1 Summary of 37 candidate genes associated with main flavor-related traits in tomato fruita

From: Meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies provides insights into genetic control of tomato flavor

Trait

Chr

BP

Ref

Alt

P

I 2

Locus name

Candidate gene

Citrate

1

1749084

c

g

3.62 × 10−13

0

Solyc01g007090

Aluminum-activated malate transporter

Citrate

2

47904426

a

g

4.30 × 10−13

97.9

Solyc02g084820

Glycosyl transferase group 1

Citrate

3

52998165

a

c

1.84 × 10−15

0

Solyc03g083090

Glycogen synthase

Citrate

6

44955568

a

c

7.46 × 10−27

98.4

Solyc06g072920

Aluminum-activated malate transporter

Citrate

7

63601724

t

g

4.70 × 10−12

0

Solyc07g055840

Citrate synthase

Fructose

1

3327330

a

g

6.37 × 10−11

0

Solyc01g009150

Glycosyl hydrolase

Fructose

5

63485334

c

g

4.68 × 10−10

0

Solyc05g053400a

Glucosyltransferase

Fructose

7

63757414

a

c

4.28 × 10−09

0

Solyc07g055840

Citrate synthase

Fructose

8

64470216

a

g

2.33 × 10−10

96.2

Solyc08g081420

Glycosyltransferase-like protein

Fructose

10

422707

a

t

6.27 × 10−10

0

Solyc10g005510a

Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase

Fructose

10

65465775

t

c

6.84 × 10−09

0

Solyc10g086720

Fructose-1 6-bisphosphatase class 1

Glucose

1

1998383

a

g

2.36 × 10−10

0

Solyc01g007910

Succinyl-CoA ligase

Glucose

2

43844073

t

c

2.87 × 10−09

96.7

Solyc02g079220

Solute carrier family facilitated glucose transporter member 8

Glucose

4

911809

a

g

6.62 × 10−09

0

Solyc04g007160

Alpha-glucosidase

Glucose

8

58158082

a

g

4.99 × 10−08

0

Solyc08g069060

Beta-1 3-galactosyltransferase 6

Glucose

10

332069

t

g

1.20 × 10−09

0

Solyc10g005510a

Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase

Malate

1

2650772

t

c

2.08 × 10−15

0

Solyc01g008550

Cinnamoyl CoA reductase-like protein

Malate

9

72364359

a

t

1.34 × 10−15

0

Solyc09g098590

Sucrose synthase

Malate

11

55879120

a

c

7.14 × 10−16

0

Solyc11g072700

Glycosyltransferase-like protein

Malate

12

1824226

t

g

1.75 × 10−19

0

Solyc12g008430

Malic enzyme

Asparagine

2

54365596

a

g

3.72 × 10−10

94

Solyc02g093550a

Methyltransferase type 11

Asparagine

5

62468569

a

g

8.92 × 10−09

0

Solyc05g052170

Acetyltransferase GNAT family protein

Asparagine

12

64463407

t

c

1.13 × 10−09

0

Solyc12g089350

GDSL esterase/lipase

Aspartate

8

60307917

t

c

6.35 × 10−09

0

Solyc08g076350

Abhydrolase domain-containing protein

Aspartate

11

4008385

t

g

7.24 × 10−11

0

Solyc11g010960

Alcohol dehydrogenase

Aspartate

12

37536492

a

t

9.16 × 10−08

0

Solyc12g044940a

Short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase

Phenylalanine

11

4002767

t

c

9.57 × 10−09

0

Solyc11g010960

Alcohol dehydrogenase

Proline

3

66798980

t

g

2.39 × 10−09

0

Solyc03g117770a

Serine incorporator 1

Serine

3

69913055

a

g

3.06 × 10−14

0

Solyc03g121910

Threonine synthase

Geranyl acetone

2

40883244

a

g

6.00 × 10−15

0

Solyc02g081330

Phytoene synthase 2

Hexenal

1

1083181

c

g

1.45 × 10−10

0

Solyc01g006540

Lipoxygenase

Methyl salicylate

9

69293875

a

g

2.34 × 10−19

0

Solyc09g089580

1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase-like protein

1-penten-3-one

5

3036212

a

g

7.07 × 10−09

0

Solyc05g008800b

Lipid phosphate phosphatase 3

2-methyl-1-butanol

6

37782796

a

g

5.50 × 10−09

0

Solyc06g059850

3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate dehydrogenase

6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one

3

3212583

t

c

6.76 × 10−26

0

Solyc03g025720

Long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase

6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one

4

60345897

a

t

3.00 × 10−11

0

Solyc04g074360

UDP-glucuronosyltransferase

6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one

10

61007386

a

g

9.28 × 10−09

0

Solyc10g079470

L-galactono--lactone dehydrogenase

  1. aA total of 305 loci for main tomato flavor-related quality traits were identified by meta-analysis of 775 tomato accessions and 2,316,117 SNPs. For each association, associated traits, chromosome (Chr), reference allele (Ref), alternative allele (Alt), the marker-trait association P value (P), heterogeneity I square (I2), locus name (International Tomato Annotation Group 2.4) and candidate genes are shown. All SNP positions were aligned on the tomato reference genome version 2.50. The P-value is reported from the random-effect model performed using the inverse variance-weighted fixed-effect model in METAL25. For those SNPs where heterogeneity occurs (I2 > 25, indicating moderate heterogeneity), we used the Han and Eskin random-effects model (RE2) implemented in METASOFT26. We also treated those candidate genes as new if previous GWAS did not report them though the association might be significant
  2. bSignificant cis expression quantitative trait loci (cis-eQTLs) from a previous transcriptome-wide association study (TWAS)12 mainly based on panel T