Fig. 2

Insulin resistant p110α^DEL mice maintain normal glucose tolerance over ageing. a Cohorts of p110α^DEL and p110α^FLOX male mice were subjected to intraperitoneal glucose and insulin tolerance tests at various time points over ageing. For glucose tolerance test a bolus of glucose (2 g per kg of body weight) was injected intraperitoneally. Insulin doses were adjusted according to the age of the mice (0.75 U kg⁻¹ for 3-month-old and 2 U kg⁻¹ for 18- and 24-month-old). n = 8 per genotype at 3 months, 16 per genotype at 18 months, 14 per genotype at 24 months. AUC, area under curve. Additional age points and data for females are shown in Supplementary Fig. 3. b Fasting plasma levels of metabolic hormones in 1-year-old p110α^DEL and p110α^FLOX mice. n (p110α^FLOX/p110α^DEL), Insulin: Female, 9/8; Male, 4/5. Leptin: Female, 8/8; Male, 7/10. Adiponectin: Female, 8/8; Male, 10/10. c Fasting plasma levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL6 and TNFa) in 1-year-old p110α^DEL and p110α^FLOX mice. n (p110α^FLOX/p110α^DEL), IL-6: Female, 6/7; Male, 6/9. TNFα: Female, 8/8; Male, 7/7. d Fasting plasma levels of lipids (total cholesterol, free fatty acids and triglycerides) in 1-year-old p110α^DEL and p110α^FLOX mice. n (p110α^FLOX/p110α^DEL), Cholesterol: Female, 8/7; Male, 3/4. FFAs: Female, 10/9; Male, 4/5. Triglycerides: Female, 8/9; Male, 10/9. n (p110α^FLOX/p110α^DEL), Cholesterol: Female, 8/7; Male, 3/4. FFAs: Female, 10/9; Male, 4/5. Triglycerides: Female, 8/9; Male, 10/9. Data are presented as mean ± SEM. Statistical analyses: Unpaired two-tailed t test. ^*p < 0.05; ^**p < 0.01; ^***p < 0.001; ^****p < 0.0001