Fig. 1
Torsional eye movements in response to sinusoidal GVS. a While applying sinusoidal GVS between surface electrodes placed on the mastoid processes behind the ears, we recorded the animal’s eye movements while it was fixating. b Example traces of horizontal, vertical and torsional velocity for three animals to a 2 Hz sinusoidal stimulation of 1 mA in current amplitude. Note that the primary eye component is in the torsional plane because the animals were fixating on a target. c Average of the normalized gain and phase of the torsional eye velocity for each of the animals across five trials of sinusoidal stimulation that varied in frequency. The gain was normalized based on the responses at 0.5 Hz. The inset shows the gains prior to normalization. d Average of the normalized amplitude and phase of the torsional eye velocity for each of the animals across five trials of 2 Hz sinusoidal stimulation that varied in current amplitude. The amplitude was normalized based on the responses at 0.5 mA. The inset shows the amplitudes prior to normalization. Error bars depict the s.e.m.
