Fig. 6

The roles of the RAS pathway in regulating the R-point transition. The RAS–RAF–MEK pathway facilitates formation of Rpa-RX3-AC and inhibits formation of the PRC1–Cyclin D1–HDAC4 complex. The RAS–RAC–JNK pathway activates CDK4 within Rpa-RX3-AC. The RAS–PI3K pathway facilitates formation of Rpa-RX3-TR by contributing to translation of Cyclin D1