Fig. 4
From: The footprint of column collapse regimes on pyroclastic flow temperatures and plume heights
Collection of emplacement temperature data from historical column collapse-generated PDC deposits as a function of their respective estimated volume. a Volcanoes from which literature data were selected around the world. Abbreviations of volcano or ignimbrite names are: Bh = Bishop Tuff; Ca = Colli Albani; Ch = El Chichón; Co = Colima; Fc = Fish Canyon Tuff; Fo = Fogo; Ga = Cerro Galán; GB = Great Basin Ignimbrite province; He = Mt. St. Helens; Ka = Krakatau; La = Lascar; Mt = Montserrat; Or = Ora ignimbrite; St = Santorini; Ta = Taupo; Tb = Toba; Ve = Vesuvius; Ye = Yellowstone. Symbols correspond to each eruptive center. b The emplacement temperatures Tdep are normalized by the average eruptive temperatures T0, which are determined either from experimental data for the associated historical eruption or by using the corresponding typical eruption temperature based on melt composition, with respect to the atmospheric air temperature (assumed Ta ≈ 273 K). The percentage of collapse Qc is also illustrated. Ignimbrites deposited above the glass transition temperature Tg are welded. Full references to the data sets used in the graph are reported in the Supplementary Table 3. Dome-generated and phreatomagmatic PDC deposits were not included in the analysis
