Fig. 2

Changes in cortico-cortical functional connectivity as a function of sleep state. a The main effect of sleep state in the alpha band shows significant connectivity differences in two main cortical networks (red: AS > QS, blue: QS > AS; both pFWER < 0.0002, paired two-tailed t-test). Distinct cortical regions are coded with different colors: temporal (green), central (pink), occipital (black), and frontal (orange). b These networks have different characteristic length distributions and distinct cortical region distributions. Curves are distributions (kernel density estimates) of functional connection lengths given by the fraction of edges p (normalized to the whole network) for AS (red) or QS (blue). Bar plots show participation of broad cortical areas in each sleep-related network. Filling of the bars denotes the percentage of involved nodes within each region and height denotes each region's share in the whole network. c Spectral fingerprints of AS (left) and QS (right) sleep. Color scale shows effect size (Cohen’s d) of sleep contrasts centered at different carrier and amplitude frequencies (f). Darkest blue shade denotes frequency combinations where there were no suprathreshold edges (null)