Fig. 1

Schematic illustration of the PEO-DLSL anode fabrication process and Li stripping/plating behaviors in comparison with a planar Li anode. a The fabrication process of PEO-DLSL. The DF-Si powder was mixed with molten Li to form the DLSL fragments and the PEO-DLSL composite anode was fabricated by cold-pressing the DLSL fragments with PEO-SPE coatings. b, c Li stripping/plating behavior in all-solid-state Li metal batteries with PEO-DLSL anode and a planar Li-foil anode, respectively. The effective Li+ ion flux in PEO-DLSL anode was much more uniform than that in a planar Li foil, leading to a dendrite-free anode without the short circuit