Fig. 1
GWAS of the grain Cd accumulation. a Manhattan plots for grain Cd accumulation in diverse population. The orange pots indicated the 12 QTLs were identified as significantly associated with grain Cd accumulation. The red dots indicated the 14 candidate genes associated both with transport and membrane in GO Slim annotation. b The QQ plots for GWAS MLM model. c The numbers of genes annotated with transport and membrane. d The genome-wide association signals for grain Cd accumulation were shown in the region of 0–2 Mb on chromosome 3 (x-axis). The locations of four candidate genes C1 (LOC_Os03g02150), C2 (LOC_Os03g02380), C3 (LOC_Os03g02390) and C4 (LOC_Os03g02480) were indicated with red pot respectively. e Dilution-series spot assays of yeast treated with and without 30 μM CdCl2. f Cd accumulation in wild-type W303 (black) and W303 expressing C1 (yellow), C2 (red), C3 (green) and C4 (blue) treated with CdCl2 for 24 h. Error bars indicate standard deviation. Data from the transgenic lines were designed with three replications and data points for all biological replicates are shown. Source data of Fig. 1f are provided as a Source Data file
