Fig. 3 | Nature Communications

Fig. 3

From: Unveiling the synergistic effect of precursor stoichiometry and interfacial reactions for perovskite light-emitting diodes

Fig. 3

Optical characteristics of perovskite films (x = 2.5) on different substrates. a–d UV-Vis absorption (a, c) and normalized PL spectra (b, d) of the perovskite films on TiOx/PEIE, SnO2/PEIE and ZnO/PEIE substrates, respectively before (a, b) and after the thermal annealing (c, d). Insets show the corresponding photographs of the perovskite films on different substrates. e–f FTIR spectra of perovskite films on ZnO /PEIE (e), TiOx/PEIE and SnO2/PEIE (f) substrates with different annealing time

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