Fig. 5

Device performance of perovskite LEDs with TTDDA passivation. a Statistical distributions of peak EQEs of perovskite LEDs fabricated from TTDDA-containing precursors with different component ratios. b, c EQE-J (b), J & R-V (c) curves of the champion device with TTDDA passivation. d Normalized EL spectrum of the champion device operated at an applied voltage of 3.5 V. For all box plots, the line in the center is the median value. The interquartile range (IQR) represents 25th-75th percentile of the EQE values. Whiskers show the extent of the whole EQE values, extending to 1.5 IQR in box-plots