Fig. 6

EX1-mediated 1O2 signaling. Free tetrapyrrole molecules such as chlorophyll and its precursors are potential sources of 1O2 generation. In the flu mutant, 1O2 oxidizes the Trp643 residue in the SOS domain of EX1. The oxidized EX1 protein, perhaps also EX1-associated proteins, is recognized by the signalosome where the thylakoid membrane-bound FtsH protease promotes EX1 degradation. This process is a prerequisite for initiating the 1O2 signaling. The degradation of EX1 and possibly its associated proteins may release a yet unknown retrograde signaling molecule, which induces the expression of SORGs