Fig. 4

The filtering performances of unit. a Schematic: demonstration of this circuit for filtering circuit; optical image: the aqueous hybrid electrochemical capacitor (AHEC) and diode bridge on the board circuit for smoothing AC signals. b Comparison of AC line-filtering performances of the AHEC with the commercial AEC at 60 Hz. c–i The filtering performances of the AHEC unit for arbitrary waveforms. The input signals are decaying (c), stair (d), electrocardiogram (e), rhombus (f), ellipse (g), heart (h), and violent noise waveforms (i). The frequency of c to h is 100 Hz. Source data are provided as a Source Data file