Fig. 2

Perturbed processes in 261 EACs. a Scatterplot of 51 universal pathways enriched in known drivers and helpers. For each pathway, the number of EACs with altered drivers and the number of EACs with altered drivers and helpers is shown. The size of dots is proportional to the additional EACs with perturbations in these pathways because of altered helpers only. b Schematic of the procedure to cluster EACs according to pathways enriched in known drivers or helpers. Enriched pathways are mapped to individual EACs and the Jaccard index is calculated as the proportion of shared pathways over the total pathways in each pair of samples (i, j). Hierarchical clustering is then performed. c Clustering of 261 EACs according to pathways enriched in known drivers and helpers. Five clusters were identified using known drivers (1D-5D) and six using helpers (1H-6H). Cluster-matching coloured lines show where EACs clustered by pathways enriched in helpers map in the driver clusters. d Mutational status of selected known drivers across 261 EACs. Drivers enriched in clusters of helpers are highlighted. Significance was assessed using the Fisher’s exact test, after correcting for False Discovery Rate (FDR)