Fig. 3
From: Electrical pulse-induced electrochemical biosensor for hepatitis E virus detection

Characterizations of N,S-GQDs@AuNP-PAni nanocomposites: a survey spectrum of XPS, b deconvoluted Au 4f spectra, c XRD of N,S-GQDs@AuNP-PAni nanocomposites before and after attachment of N,S-GQDs, and d cyclic voltammetry (CV) of the Ab-N,S-GQDs@AuNP-PAni/PAni||GCE sensor electrode before and after the addition of different virus concentrations