Fig. 3

Timing the clonal number changes in MM. a Summary of the sample’s ploidy for the entire series. Samples with ploidy > 3 (above the dashed red line) were considered as whole-genome duplication (WGD). b The copy-number profile of a MM patient (PD26419) that experienced a WGD at relapse: gold line = total copy number, gray = copy number of the minor allele. The presence of more than 1 cytogenetic segment is compatible with the existence of a subclonal CNA whose CCF is proportional to the segment thickness. c–e Left, standard copy number profile of 3 hyperdiploid MMs. Right, the molecular time (blue dots) estimated for each clonal gain and copy-neutral loss of heterozygosity (“Methods”). Red dots represent the molecular time of a second extra gain occurred on a previous one. Dashed green lines separate multi gain events occurring at different time windows