Fig. 5

Metabolic features of non-malignant cell subtypes. a Left panel: classification of T cells into CD4⁺, CD8⁺, regulatory T cells (Tregs) and T helper cells (Ths). Middle and right: expression levels of the gene markers used for separating T cell subtypes in melanoma (middle) and HNSCC (right) datasets. b Top 10 metabolic pathways enriched in CD4⁺ or CD8⁺ T cells in the melanoma dataset. Significantly enriched pathways with GSEA p-value < 0.05 are highlighted in red (higher in CD8⁺) or blue (higher in CD4⁺). c Same as in b but for the HNSCC dataset. d Top 10 metabolic pathways enriched in Tregs or Ths in the melanoma dataset. Significantly enriched pathways with GSEA p-value < 0.05 are highlighted in red (higher in Th) or blue (higher in Treg). e Same as in d but for the HNSCC dataset. f Gene markers and their expression levels used for classifying fibroblast cells in the HNSCC dataset into CAFs and myofibroblasts. g Top 10 metabolic pathways enriched in CAFs or myofibroblasts in the HNSCC dataset. Significantly enriched pathways with GSEA p-value < 0.05 are highlighted in red (higher in myofibroblasts) or blue (higher in CAFs)