Fig. 3

Effect of the external N-vinylsulfonamide ligand. a No difference in reactivity of Ru-8 was observed regardless of the presence of 15N-labeled external VS8*. b The catalyst with the electron-donating group on the sulfonyl moiety exhibited a diminished reaction rate in the presence of 15N-labeled external VS13*. The carbene’s proton peak of Ru-13 in 1H NMR spectra indicated the occurrence of ligand exchange (54:46 ratio of Ru-13 (13.11 ppm, singlet) to Ru-13* (doublet)) from the initial stage of the reaction