Fig. 7

ALDH7A1 promotes energy homeostasis during hypoxia and starvation. Quantitative results are shown as mean with standard deviation; *p < 0.05, NS not significant, paired two-tailed Student’s t-test. Source data are provided as a Source Data file. a HeLa cells were treated as indicated, and then cell death was quantified; n = 3 independent experiments. b HeLa cells were treated as indicated, and then total ATP level was quantified; n = 3 independent experiments. c Starved HeLa cells were treated as indicated, and then total ATP level was quantified; n = 3 independent experiments. d Starved HeLa cells were treated as indicated, and then cell death was quantified; n = 3 independent experiments. e Immunoblotting of HeLa cell lysates showing the efficacy of siRNA against BARS, and the level of mutant BARS expressed for rescue studies; n = 2 independent experiments with a representative result shown. f COPI transport from the Golgi to the ER in HeLa cells was assessed through the quantitative colocalization of VSVG-KDELR with a cis-Golgi marker (giantin); n = 3 independent experiments. g Fluid-phase endocytosis in HeLa cells was assessed through the quantitative colocalization of internalized dextran with an early endosome marker (EEA1); n = 3 independent experiments. h HeLa cells were treated as indicated, and then total ATP level was quantified; n = 3 independent experiments. i HeLa cells were treated as indicated, and then cell death was quantified; n = 3 independent experiments. j HeLa cells were treated with starvation conditions as indicated, and then total ATP level was quantified; n = 3 independent experiments. k HeLa cells were treated with starvation conditions as indicated, and then cell death was quantified; n = 3 independent experiments