Fig. 3
Associations between paleoclimate and lacertid diversification. a Paleoclimatic reconstructions of temperature (red graph) and humidity (top bars) during diversification of the Lacertinae (Eremiadini+Lacertini); splits among genera within the two tribes shown as brown and blue lines. Orange and purple inset lines show trend of phylogenetically reconstructed Tpref and thermal niche (yearly hours >30 °C), averaged over all lineages existing at a certain time as in Fig. 1a and Supplementary S13. b BAMM-estimated speciation rates through-time plot and best-fit model of speciation rates plotted on circle tree of Lacertinae. Color density in red shading denotes confidence on diversification rate reconstructions at any point in time. c, d Plots of climatic disparity through-time (DTT), for the first and second principal components (PC1/PC2) of a phylogenetic principal component analysis (PPCA) of seven bioclimatic variables across lacertids, showing an increase of climatic disparity in PC1 around 45‒30 Ma that coincides with the onset of Lacertini diversification. The dashed line indicates the median subclade DTT based on 1000 simulations under a Brownian motion model. The gray shaded area indicates the 95% DTT range for the simulated data
