Fig. 10 | Nature Communications

Fig. 10

From: Pupil-linked phasic arousal evoked by violation but not emergence of regularity within rapid sound sequences

Fig. 10The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.

Abrupt reduction in the PDR for regularities more complex than REG1. a Average pupil diameter relative to the transition in Experiment 4A (n = 12). Solid lines represent the average normalized pupil diameter, relative to the transition. The shaded area shows ± 1 SEM. Colored horizontal lines indicate time intervals where cluster-level statistics showed significant differences between each change condition and its control. A robust PDR was evoked by the transition in RAND20-REG1, becoming significant between 500 and 1340 ms post-transition The data also replicate the general pattern in Experiments 1 and 2: Both STEP and REG10-RAND20 evoked a PDR; the former started from 720 ms lasting through to 1720ms, and the latter from 1020 ms onwards. No significant difference between RAND20-REG10 and RAND20 was observed. b Average pupil diameter over time from stimulus onset. No differences were observed between any of the conditions. c Behavioral results for the gap detection task in Experiment 4A with ±1 SEM error bars, and gray circles representing individual participant data. There was no statistical difference between conditions. d Average pupil diameter over time relative to the transition in Experiment 4B: [Left] Group A (n = 15). A clear PDR is observed for RAND20-REG1 which diverged from its control, RAND20, from 746 to 1620ms no significant differences were observed in the other conditions. [Middle] Group B (n = 15). RAND20-REG1 diverged from RAND20 between 540 ms and1960 ms. RAND20-REG2 also showed a significant PDR between 880ms-1460ms, peaking at 1300 ms. RAND20-REG5 and RAND20-REG10 were not significantly different from RAND20. Comparing between transition conditions, RAND20-REG1 was significantly greater than the other transition conditions from ~600 ms to ~1800ms post-transition. [Right] Both groups combined (n = 30). Significant PDRs were observed for RAND20-REG1 (from 580 to 1920ms) and RAND20-REG2 (from 820 to 1560 ms). Comparing between transition conditions, RAND20-REG1 was significantly greater than the other transition conditions from ~600 ms to ~1800ms post-transition. e The behavioral performance for both groups was at ceiling

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