Table 1 Characteristics of 319 men diagnosed with prostate cancer from 1982 to 2005 in the Health Professionals Follow-up Study and the Physicians’ Health Study according to fat intake MYC metagene scores

From: High-fat diet fuels prostate cancer progression by rewiring the metabolome and amplifying the MYC program

Characteristic

All men (n = 319)

Animal fat MYC metagene scorea

Saturated fat MYC metagene scorea

Tertile 1 (low) (n = 107)

Tertile 2 (n = 106)

Tertile 3 (high) (n = 106)

Tertile 1 (low) (n = 106)

Tertile 2 (n = 107)

Tertile 3 (high) (n = 106)

Age at diagnosis, years, mean (SD)

65.0 (6.3)

65.6 (6.2)

64.9 (6.6)

64.5 (6.1)

65.6 (6.2)

64.7 (6.3)

64.7 (6.3)

Year of diagnosis, n (%)

 Before 1990 (pre-PSA era)

28 (8.8)

9 (8.4)

10 (9.4)

9 (8.5)

8 (7.4)

12 (11.3)

8 (7.5)

 1990–1993 (peri-PSA era)

83 (26.0)

32 (29.9)

27 (25.5)

24 (22.6)

32 (29.9)

27 (25.5)

24 (22.6)

 After 1993 (PSA era)

208 (65.2)

66 (61.7)

69 (65.1)

73 (68.9)

67 (62.6)

67 (63.2)

74 (69.8)

BMI at diagnosis, kg/m2, mean (SD)

25.2 (2.9)

24.7 (2.6)

25.4 (2.9)

25.5 (3.1)

24.7 (2.6)

25.4 (2.8)

25.6 (3.2)

PSA at diagnosis, ng/ml, median

7.4

7.0

7.6

8.0

6.9

7.6

7.9

[25th – 75th percentile]b

[5.3–11.6]

[5.0, 11.9]

[5.5, 12.9]

[5.6, 11.1]

[5.0–12.0]

[5.4–13.0]

[5.6–11.1]

Pathologic TNM stage, n (%)c

 T2 N0 M0

192 (61.9)

73 (69.5)

60 (58.3)

59 (57.8)

72 (68.6)

60 (58.3)

60 (58.8)

 T3 N0 M0

107 (34.5)

29 (27.6)

40 (38.8)

38 (37.3)

30 (28.6)

40 (38.8)

37 (36.3)

 T4/N1/M1

11 (3.5)

3 (2.9)

3 (2.9)

5 (4.9)

3 (2.9)

3 (2.9)

5 (4.9)

Clinical TNM stage, n (%)d

 T1/T2 N0 M0

297 (93.4)

103 (96.3)

98 (92.5)

96 (91.4)

102 (95.3)

99 (93.4)

96 (91.4)

 T3 N0 M0

21 (6.6)

4 (3.7)

8 (7.5)

9 (8.6)

5 (4.7)

7 (6.6)

9 (8.6)

Gleason grade, n (%)

 <7

51 (16.0)

24 (22.4)

16 (15.1)

11 (10.4)

22 (20.6)

17 (16.0)

12 (11.3)

 3+4

124 (38.9)

49 (45.8)

39 (36.8)

36 (34.0)

49 (45.8)

40 (37.7)

35 (33.0)

 4+3

81 (25.4)

19 (17.8)

32 (30.2)

30 (28.3)

20 (18.7)

32 (30.2)

29 (27.4)

 >7

63 (19.7)

15 (14.0)

19 (17.9)

29 (27.4)

16 (15.0)

17 (16.0)

30 (28.3)

Tissue type, n (%)

 RP

311 (97.4)

105 (98.1)

103 (97.2)

103 (97.2)

105 (98.1)

103 (97.2)

103 (97.2)

 TURP

8 (2.5)

2 (1.9)

3 (2.8)

3 (2.8)

2 (1.9)

3 (2.8)

3 (2.8)

Cohort, n (%)

 HPFS

213 (66.8)

61 (57.0)

73 (68.9)

79 (74.5)

65 (60.7)

68 (64.2)

80 (75.5)

 PHS

106 (33.2)

46 (43.0)

33 (31.1)

27 (25.5)

42 (39.3)

38 (35.8)

26 (24.5)

  1. SD standard deviation, PSA prostate-specific antigen, BMI body mass index, TNM tumour, lymph node, metastasis, RP radical prostatectomy, TURP transurethral resection of the prostate, HPFS Health Professionals Follow-up Study, PHS Physicians’ Health Study
  2. aThe genes identified in the enrichment analysis of MYC_targets_V1 pathway in tumour tissues were used to create a metagene score. A score was computed for each sample by averaging the normalised (mean-centered and variance scaled) expression values of all member genes. The score was divided into tertiles
  3. b29 men missing PSA at diagnosis
  4. cNine men missing pathologic TNM stage
  5. dOne man missing clinical TNM stage
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