Fig. 7

PPAA enhances endosomal escape and gene editing efficiency. Comparison of a Galectin-8 recruitment and b gene editing efficiency with various delivery systems with and without PPAA pretreatment (50 ng/mL); *p < 0.05. **p < 0.01; one-way ANOVA followed by a Tukey’s post hoc test. Data are presented as means ± SEM. Successful CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing leads to removal of a termination cassette upstream of a tdTomato transgene in Ai9 fibroblasts, leading to activation of tdTomato expression. c Representative microscopy images of galectin-8-YFP recruitment to disrupted endosomes and tdTomato expression following CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing in engineered Ai9 fibroblasts. All Gal8 micrographs shown are 458.6 × 458.6 µm; all Ai9 micrographs shown are 1404 × 1404 µm. 50 ng/mL = 2.27 nM PPAA