Fig. 6
Elimination or deactivation of circulating exosomes by MSN-AP in animals and patient blood. a Schematic showing that MSN-AP binds to and tows circulating exosomes in the liver into the space of Disse, and the conjugated MSN-Exo can be endocytosed by polarised hepatocytes, transcytosed through the hepatocytes and enter the bile duct and small intestines via the sphincter of Oddi. b Dynamic decrease in blood A-Exo was sequentially accompanied by an increase of A-Exo in the small intestines of mice when MSN-AP was intravenously administered. n = 5. c Photos and d quantification of lung metastatic nodules developed (arrows) following subcutaneous implantation of A549 cells in nude mice receiving intravenous A-Exo (2 µg), saline, MSN or MSN-AP (both 5 mg per kg) every 3 days starting on day 14 after A549 implantation for an additional 3 weeks. n = 4 mice. e Lung H&E stains to show tumours. Scale bars: 200 μm. f Flow cytometry analysis and g quantification of patient EGFR-exosomes captured by MSN-AP. Note that patient 8 was in a late stage of lung cancer. n = 8 patients. Data presented as the mean ± s.e.m. **, ##, P < 0.01; one-way ANOVA (d). The Y-axis of Fig. 6b represents the average number of five randomly selected single fields of vision. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.
