Fig. 3
From: Global urban expansion offsets climate-driven increases in terrestrial net primary productivity
Spatiotemporal trends of the NPP caused by urban expansion a and climate variability b between 2000 and 2010. This figure reflects the spatiotemporal trends of the global terrestrial NPP caused by urban expansion and climate variability. To account for the two factors, two independent experiments (i.e., climate-variability-driven and urban-expansion-driven simulations) were performed to estimate the terrestrial NPP as ‘urban-expansion-based NPP’ and ‘climate-variability-based NPP’, in which either climate drivers or urban lands were held constant. The trends of the urban-expansion-based NPP and the climate-variability-based NPP were then analyzed using linear regression analyses with time (i.e., year) as independent variable and corresponding NPP as dependent variable. NPP denotes net primary productivity.
