Table 1 Gut microbiota abundance and future development of Escherichia bacteriuria.

From: Gut uropathogen abundance is a risk factor for development of bacteriuria and urinary tract infection

 

Univariate analysis

Multivariate analysis

Characteristic

HR (95% CI)

P value

HR (95% CI)

P value

Age, Years

1.0 (1.0–1.0)

0.80

  

Female gender

7.4 (3.1–17.9)

7.4E−06

7.9 (3.3–18.9)

4.2E−06

African American Race

1.1 (0.5–2.3)

0.78

  

Diabetes mellitus

1.2 (0.6–2.4)

0.58

  

Prior kidney transplant

0.9 (0.3–2.2)

0.75

  

Cause of ESRD - DM

1.1 (0.6–2.3)

0.71

  

Cause of ESRD - HTN

0.6 (0.2–1.8)

0.40

  

PRA ≥ 80%

1.3 (0.5–3.7)

0.60

  

Deceased donor transplantation

1.4 (0.7–2.8)

0.32

  

Delayed graft function

1.0 (0.4–2.5)

0.95

  

Cefazolin preoperative abx

0.5 (0.2–1.0)

0.06

0.5 (0.2–1.0)

0.06

TMP-SMX PCP prophylaxis

2.1 (0.3–15.7)

0.45

  

Anti-thymocyte globulin induction

1.7 (0.7–4.2)

0.22

  

Prednisone maintenance

1.1 (0.6–2.3)

0.71

  

1% Escherichia relative abundance

2.8 (1.4–5.4)

0.002

2.8 (1.5–5.5)

0.002

  1. A Cox Proportion Hazard Model was used to assess the relationship between gut microbial abundance and future development of Escherichia bacteriuria. A 1% relative gut abundance of Escherichia was assessed as a time-dependent covariate. The hazard ratio (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) is reported with the associated P value. Univariate analysis was performed with all of the characteristics. Characteristics that were significantly associated with Escherichia bacteriuria (P  < 0.10) were further analyzed in the multivariate analysis. Bold text are the characteristics associated with future development of Escherichia bacteriuria. Cause of ESRD is ordinal data and the reference for the HR is Cause of ESRD —other. Source data are provided as a source data file
  2. DM diabetes mellitus, HR hazard ratio, HTN hypertension, PRA panel reactive antibodies, TMP-SMX trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, PCP Pneumocystis jiroveci
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