Fig. 1

Genomic landscape of Leptobrachium leishanense and comparison with other anurans. a From outer to inner: (I) sizes of 13 pseudochromosomes; (II) gene density (the percentage of genes in per 200-kb window); (III) repeat sequence distribution; (IV) GC content (%). The photo in the circle shows an adult male with nuptial spines on the upper jaw as marked with two white arrows (two spines on each side). The toad photo was taken by Wei Zhang. b Chromosome synteny between L. leishanense and X. tropicalis. Chromosomes of X. tropicalis are marked as “Xtr1–10” and chromosomes of L. leishanense are marked as “Lle1–13”. Collinear blocks between two species are linked by lines with the same colors. c Divergence distribution of five dominant transposable elements (TEs) in different genomes based on the same analysis procedures (see “Methods”). The x-axis is the Jukes–Cantor distance from the consensus in the TE library. The y-axis shows percentages of TE occupancy in genomes. LARD large retrotransposon derivatives, PLE Penelope-like elements, TIR terminal inverted repeat.