Fig. 3: PHD1 controls muscle mass in a cell-autonomous fashion.
a Schematic representation showing the generation of muscle specific Phd1 deficient mice (PHD1mKO) and the experimental protocol. b Phd1 mRNA expression in TA muscle from WT (white bars) and PHD1mKO (blue bars) male and female mice. c Representative pictures (left panel) and quantification (right panels) of western blot analysis of p-S6K1, p-RPS6, and p-4E-BP1 in TA muscles from WT (white bars) and PHD1mKO (blue bars) male and female mice 30 min after saline or leucine gavage. d Representative pictures (left panel) and quantification (right panel) of western blot analysis of p-S6K1 in differentiated myotubes from WT (white bars) and PHD1KO (red bars) mice after 1 h starvation (strv or starved) or stimulated with increasing concentrations of leucine for 30 min (leucine). e Representative pictures (left panel) and quantification (right panel) of western blot analysis of p-S6K1 and PHD1 expression in differentiated WT (with bars), PHD1KO (red bars), PHD1KO + PHD1OE-WT (light gray bars) and PHD1KO + PHD1OE-MUT (dark gray bars) myotubes after 1 h starvation (starved) or 1 h starvation followed by 30 min stimulation with 5 mM leucine (leucine). f mRNA expression of different leucine transporters in TA of WT (white bars; n = 8) and PHD1KO (red bars n = 7) female mice. g Blood leucine in WT (white bars) and PHD1KO (red bars) mice 30 min after saline or leucine gavage. h Muscle leucine uptake in GAS and TA from WT (white bars) and PHD1KO (red bars) female mice 30 min after leucine gavage. Statistics: two-way ANOVA with a Holm-Sidak post-hoc test (c, e) or unpaired t test (b, d, f, g, h) (*p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001; ns not significant). Each dot represents a single mouse (b, c, g, h) or means of independent experiments (d, e). Bar graphs represent mean ± SEM (error bars). Data is represented as fold change to WT saline (c), to WT leucine 5 mM (d, e) or to WT (b, f). See also Supplementary Fig. 3. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.
