Fig. 4: Analysis of autonomic function and olfaction in α-Syn PFFs mice and PBS mice.

a Kaplan–Meier survival plot shows survival time (weeks of age) of diseased α-Syn PFFs mice and PBS mice. b Onset time (weeks post-injection (wpi)) of orthostatic hypotension, constipation, hypohidrosis, and hyposmia in α-Syn PFFs and PBS mice. c-h The average systolic and diastolic blood pressure in the supine position (c), the average systolic and diastolic blood pressure in the upright position (d), the differences of the mean arterial blood pressure between the upright position and lying position (e), the heart rate (f), the gastrointestinal transit (g), and defecation time of black feces (h) of diseased α-Syn PFFs mice and PBS mice over time. i, j Sweating test in front (i) and hind (j) paw of diseased α-Syn PFFs mice and PBS mice over time. k–m Olfaction evaluation. Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) staining in olfactory bulb (Ob) (k) of PBS (left) and diseased α-Syn PFFs (right) mice. [Scale bars, 50 µm]. Bar graphs with scattered dots show the percentage of area occupied by TH immunostaining (l) and the comparison of the buried food test between diseased α-Syn PFFs mice and PBS mice over time (m). n = 20 animals per group. The error bar in panels b-j, l, m represents the standard deviation (SD). Data are the means ± SD. Statistical analysis was performed using the Student’s t test. **p < 0.01, ##p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ###p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001, ####p < 0.0001. Source data is available as a Source Data file.