Fig. 4: The microstructure developments due to continuous growth and side-branching in AM 316L.
From: The role of side-branching in microstructure development in laser powder-bed fusion
a Continuous growth of cells in a slender domain (highlighted by a black arrow) along the centreline across melt pools in the bi-directional scan without rotation. b–d Side-branching frequently occurred at sides of melt pools observed in all scan strategies. b Cells in (3) epitaxially grew from ones in (2) which did grow from cells in (1), and c is a coresponding inverse pole figure along TD1 of region in a. d Side-branching of cells occurred at a fusion boundary. e Continuous growth and f sidebranching (region 1) and tip-splitting (regions 1 and 2). Note: 316L steel was fabriccated by a–d the modulated laser beam (Renishaw) and e–f continuous wave laser beam (Concept Laser); the dashed lines in b and c represent the melt-pool boundary; b and c were reused with permission provided by AIP Publishing.
