Fig. 1: The assessment of three different allergic outcomes in infancy.

Food allergy was investigated using a case-cohort design, whereas atopic wheeze and atopic eczema were each investigated within the random subcohort only. The random subcohort is indicated by a large green circle (n = 321 mother-infant pairs). The case groups are indicated in red (food allergy), blue (atopic wheeze), and yellow (atopic eczema). The comparison groups are shown in green. Missing data, which varied with case definition, is indicated in gray.