Table 1 Differences between ERA and CBA (in Mt CO2, 2009).

From: Towards a more effective climate policy on international trade

20 Richest countries* (by GDP pc)

\({\mathrm{ERA}}^R - {\mathrm{CBA}}^R\)

As % of CBAR

20 Poorest countries* (by GDP pc)

\({\mathrm{ERA}}^R - {\mathrm{CBA}}^R\)

As % of CBAR

LUX

−3.68

−46%

CZE

−3.66

−4%

USA

71.58

1%

KOR

−4.35

−1%

IRL

−9.44

−16%

MLT

−3.30

−93%

NLD

−2.89

−1%

PRT

−4.19

−6%

CAN

6.38

1%

SVN

−3.90

−19%

AUT

−4.96

−5%

EST

−3.84

−31%

SWE

−6.80

−8%

HUN

−3.92

−7%

AUS

3.51

1%

LVA

−3.13

−29%

BEL

−2.97

−2%

LTU

−3.49

−18%

DNK

−8.35

−13%

POL

−3.04

−1%

FIN

−5.29

−8%

RUS

−49.15

−4%

GBR

−5.48

−1%

MEX

2.82

1%

GER

−31.05

−3%

BGR

−4.00

−11%

SPA

−1.65

0%

ROM

−3.58

−4%

JPN

3.61

0%

TUR

1.02

0%

FRA

−8.73

−2%

RoW

−30.53

−1%

GRC

−9.24

−7%

BRA

−0.37

0%

TWN

0.23

0%

CHN

129.17

2%

ITA

−16.62

−3%

IDN

2.06

1%

SVK

−3.34

−9%

IND

28.53

2%

CYP

−3.96

−35%

   

Total richest 20

−35.18

−0.3%

Total poorest 20

39.14

0.2%

Total except USA

−106.76

−1.6%

Total except China

−90.02

−0.8%

  1. *Both columns rank the countries from richest to poorest. Credits are negative and penalties are positive, the USA and China have the largest penalties. CYP has the median GDP per capita and is therefore excluded from both top 20 lists (richest or poorest).