Fig. 1: The biosynthesis of acarbose in Actinoplanes species.
From: A severe leakage of intermediates to shunt products in acarbose biosynthesis
a The biosynthetic gene cluster of acarbose (1) (acb cluster, GenBank accession no. Y18523.4). b The biosynthetic pathway to 1, including previously determined biosynthetic steps (blue arrow), possible conversion without experimental confirmation (gray dashed arrow), previously proposed biosynthetic steps (gray arrow), confirmed biosynthetic steps in this work (green arrow), and update of the previously proposed biosynthetic steps according to this work (purple arrow). The biosynthetic pathways to the C7-cyclitol moiety, the amino-deoxyhexose moiety, and the shunt products are highlighted in blue, yellow, and plum, respectively, and the previously proposed biosynthetic pathway to the C7-cyclitol moiety is highlighted in gray.
