Table 1 Region‐specific and disease‐specific changes in the deaths and corresponding age‐standardized death rate attributable to PM2.5 pollution.
From: Stronger policy required to substantially reduce deaths from PM2.5 pollution in China
Deaths (thousand) | Age‐standardized death rate (deaths per 100,000 people) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Net change between 2000 and 2017 | Average annual rate of change (%) | Net change between 2000 and 2017 | Average annual rate of change (%) | |||||
2000–2017 | 2000–2013 | 2013–2017 | 2000–2017 | 2000–2013 | 2013–2017 | |||
China | 258 (177–334) | 1.8 (1.8–1.9) | 2.1 (1.9–2.4) | 1.0** (0.3**–1.4**) | −19 (−25–−12) | −1.5 (−1.5–−1.4) | −1.1 (−1.3–−0.8) | −2.7** (−3.4** – −2.2**) |
North | 70 (49–90) | 1.8 (1.8–1.8) | 2.0 (1.9–2.3) | 1.0 (0.2–1.5) | −23 (−29–−15) | −1.6 (−1.6–−1.6) | −1.2 (−1.3–−0.9) | −2.9 (−3.7–−2.4) |
Southeast | 57 (39–74) | 2.2 (2.1–2.4) | 2.4 (2.1–2.9) | 1.6* (1.0*–2.0*) | −13 (−19–−7) | −1.2 (−1.3–−1.0) | −0.8 (−1.0–−0.3) | −2.5* (−3.2** – −2.1*) |
Central | 52 (36–66) | 1.9 (1.9–2) | 2.0 (1.9–2.4) | 1.5 (1.0–1.8) | −17 (−24–−10) | −1.4 (−1.4–−1.3) | −1.1 (−1.3–−0.8) | −2.1 (−2.6–−1.8) |
Southwest | 40 (25–55) | 1.6 (1.6–1.6) | 2.1 (2–2.4) | −0.1* (−1.1*–0.6**) | −20 (−26–−13) | −1.8 (−1.8–−1.7) | −1.2 (−1.3–−0.9) | −3.6** (−4.7–−2.9*) |
Northeast | 26 (20–30) | 2.2 (1.9–2.9) | 2.5 (2.1–3.4) | 1.3** (1.2**–1.4*) | −3 (−9 − 2) | −0.3 (−0.6 − 0.3) | 0.0 (−0.5–0.8) | −1.2** (−1.3** – −1.1**) |
Northwest | 13 (7–19) | 1.1 (1–1.2) | 1.4 (1.4–1.5) | 0.1 (−0.6–0.6) | −28 (−34–−20) | −2.1 (−2.3–−2.0) | −1.9 (−1.9–−1.8) | −2.9 (−3.7–−2.4) |
IHD | 145 (101–188) | 5.0 (4.9–5.1) | 6.1 (5.9–6.4) | 1.3** (0.8**–1.7**) | 7 (5 − 8) | 2.5 (2.5 − 2.6) | 3.9 (3.7 − 4.2) | −1.7 (−2.3–−1.4**) |
LC | 81 (61–100) | 5.1 (5–5.2) | 6.2 (5.9–6.5) | 1.7** (1.1**–2.1**) | 2 (1 − 2) | 1.6 (1.6 − 1.8) | 2.7 (2.5 − 3.1) | −1.8** (−2.4** – −1.4**) |
Stroke | 61 (32–90) | 2.0 (1.9–2.2) | 2.2 (2–2.8) | 1.1** (0.2**–1.6**) | −2 (−4–−1) | −0.8 (−0.9–−0.6) | −0.4 (−0.7 − 0.2) | −2.0** (−3.0* – −1.5**) |
DM2 | 18 (14–21) | 5.2 (5.2–5.3) | 5.3 (5.2–5.4) | 4.9 (4.7–5) | 0 (0 − 0) | 1.5 (1.5 − 1.6) | 1.6 (1.6 − 1.8) | 1.0 (0.8 − 1.2) |
LRI | −22 (−27–−17) | −2.0 (−2.1–−1.9) | −2.2 (−2.4–−1.9) | −1.6 (−2.1–−1.3) | −6 (−7–−5) | −5.4 (−5.5–−5.3) | −5.0 (−5.2–−4.7) | −7.0** (−7.4** – −6.7**) |
COPD | −26 (−38–−13) | −0.5 (−0.6–−0.4) | −0.8 (−1–−0.4) | 0.3 (−0.4–0.8) | −19 (−25–−12) | −4.3 (−4.4–−4.2) | −4.5 (−4.7–−4.1) | −3.9 (−4.5–−3.4) |