Fig. 3: Gas separation performance of CMT membranes.
a Single-gas permeabilities (He, H2, CO2, O2, N2, CH4, C3H6, and C3H8) through a 1-μm-thick CMT membrane at 30 °C and a transmembrane pressure of 1 bar. b–d Robeson plots for H2/CO2, H2/N2, and H2/CH4 gas pairs with the 1991 upper bounds indicated by a pink line, 2008 upper bounds by a green line and proposed 2015 upper bounds by a black line. The single-gas permeation data of CMT membrane (red star) is compared with accumulated literature data for state-of-the-art ultrapermeable PIMs (violet triangle), microporous solids (zeolites, MOFs, POPs) and inorganic 2D materials (red square), and other polymers (ladder PIMs: orange triangle; PIM-PIs: green triangle; ultrapermeable poly(trimethylsilylpropyne) (PTMSP): blue circle). Information on the data points and their corresponding references are presented in Supplementary Table 2. e Accessible void spaces for CO2 (left) and H2 (right) in CMT model; The red circles in the right picture indicate additional accessible void spaces for H2, compared with that of CO2. f Long-term test of an equimolar H2/CO2 mixed-gas mixture through a 1-μm-thick CMT membrane at 150 °C and a transmembrane pressure of 1 bar. The blue star in b indicates the permeation data from H2/CO2 mixed-gas measurement at 150 °C.
