Fig. 3: Motive-dependence of self-serving memory errors.

a In Experiment 4b, forced-choice violators exhibited more self-serving memory errors than forced-choice upholders. But crucially, this effect depends on whether violators felt responsible for their fairness violations. b Forced-choice violators who perceived no responsibility for their actions showed no self-serving memory errors. c In contrast, forced-choice violators who nonetheless still perceived themselves as responsible for their actions exhibited self-serving memory errors. Error bars represent 95% CIs.