Fig. 3: Overall study design.

In this figure the analysis pipeline is depicted. (Top) The main two arms of the study show how interictal spikes and seizures are extracted from EEG recordings, denoised, their time basis function determined, and input into the FAST-IRES solver. (Middle) The proposed FAST-IRES source imaging approach takes the spatial extent and focality of brain sources into account. The output of the algorithm is a spatiotemporal distribution of underlying brain sources, from which the epileptogenic zone (EZ) is extracted and compared to clinical findings, such as resection volume and seizure onset zone determined from intracranial EEG. (Bottom) Finally, the performance of epilepsy features, i.e. estimating the EZ by imaging interictal activity and ictal activity with FAST-IRES, is evaluated by comparing the estimated EZ to clinical findings.