Fig. 1: Unguided ssDNA deamination and in cis/in trans-assay.

a potential ssDNA formation in the genome during transcription or replication. b experimental design of in cis/in trans-assay. Separate constructs encoding SaCas9, gRNA for SaCas9 and base editor were used to transfect HEK293T cells. In cis- and in trans-activity were measured in different transfections at the target site with NGGRRT PAM sequence. In cis/in trans-activities of BE4 with rAPOBEC1 (c, e) or ABE7.10 (d, f) at 33 genomic sites (site 1, 2, 4–34). Blue bars indicate in cis, on-target editing, red bars indicate in trans-editing; base editing efficiencies were reported for the most edited base in the target sites. Individual data points are shown for n = 4 independent biological replicates, expect for conditions with data points not included due to insufficient reads (<5000). The bar for each condition represents the mean value. Each dot in the violin plots represents the mean editing efficiency at one target site shown in the bar graphs. All data presented are provided as Source Data.