Fig. 6: Transport route overlap on the NPC physical structure.

Single-molecule determined transport routes (purple, red, and yellow ovals) overlaid on cryo-EM determined NPC structure (tan, blue, green, gray; cryo-EM accession numbers: EMD-3005, EMD-3007, EMD-3009, EMD-3011). The C-terminus of Lap2β has been experimentally determined in previous studies to extend into the nuclear envelope lumen, and was measured in our work to have a translocation distance of 68 nm from the central axis of the NPC (purple). Correspondingly, the extraluminal domains of NETs and the mass proximal to the transmembrane regions transit at roughly 41 nm from the central axis of the NPC (red) where the peripheral channels have been observed by cryo-EM tomography. However, extraluminal NET regions with long ID regions and NLSs can transit at 25 nm from the central axis of the NPC (yellow), corresponding with central channel transport.