Fig. 1: Characterisation of CN, mCD/CN and sCD/CN.

a PXRD pattern of mCD, sCD and CN. b HRTEM images of CN. Scale bar: 10 nm. Inset: an enlarged image showing (110) crystal fringes of CN. c HRTEM images of mCD/CN nanocomposite. Scale bar: 5 nm. mCD are marked by circles. Inset: an enlarged image showing graphite superstructure of mCD. d Raman, e Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and f UV–vis spectra of mCD, sCD and CN. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.