Fig. 1: PIK3CA mutations underlie both micro- and macrocystic LM.
From: Blockade of VEGF-C signaling inhibits lymphatic malformations driven by oncogenic PIK3CA mutation
a Hematoxylin and eosin stained sections of three microcystic (on the left) and two macrocystic (on the right) LMs. Note RBCs inside and outside of the malformations (asterisks), and lymphoid cell infiltration (yellow arrows). b On the left: hematoxylin and eosin stained sections of macrocystic and microcystic LM. On the right: immunofluorescence staining showing VEGFR3 expression in the endothelium lining both macrocystic and microcystic LM (arrows), except for areas associated with smooth muscle cells (arrowhead). Boxed area is shown in both hematoxylin and eosin staining and immunofluorescence staining. Note high expression of VEGFR3 in small-caliber lymphatic vessels in areas containing infiltrated CD45+ cells (asterisks). lum = vessel/cyst lumen. Images in (a, b) are representative of n = 3 microcystic LM and n = 2 macrocystic LM lesions. Scale bars: 200 µm (a, b).
