Fig. 1: Teixobactins capture their target Lipid II in large clusters on the membrane.

a Teixobactins target cognate cell wall-precursors Lipid II and Lipid III in the bacterial plasma-membrane. b Chemical structure of [R4L10]-teixobactin in which d-Gln4 and l-allo-enduracididine10 of natural teixobactin are replaced by d-Arg4 and l-Leu10, respectively. ¹³C,¹⁵N-labelled residues are coloured in blue. c 2D ¹⁵N¹H ssNMR spectrum of Lipid II-bound [R4L10]-teixobactin showing all six ¹³C,¹⁵N-labelled residues. d β-structuring of the N-terminus (Ile2–Ile6) of Lipid II-bound [R4L10]-teixobactin shown by Cαβ secondary chemical shifts (SCS)¹⁵. Source data are provided as a Source Data file. e Contacts observed in f between Ile2–Ser7 relate to intermolecular magnetization transfer between antiparallel β-strands. Distances are Cα–Cα spacings. f Overlay of 2D ¹³C¹³C PARISxy⁴⁸ spectra of Lipid II-bound [R4L10]-teixobactin measured with 50 (blue) and 600 ms (grey) magnetization transfer time. Intermolecular peptide–peptide contacts in red, sequential contacts in blue. All NMR spectra were acquired at 950 MHz. g Lipid II segregation caused by teixobactins visualized by fluorescence microscopy: GUVs doped with NBD-labelled Lipid II before (left) and after (right) treatment with [R4L10]-teixobactin.